No—hinges do not have to be recessed.
Recessing (mortising) hinges is a design and functional choice, not a universal requirement. Whether hinges should be recessed depends on the door type, hinge type, appearance goals, and performance needs.

What “Recessed” Means

A recessed (mortised) hinge sits in a cut-out pocket in the door edge and/or frame so that:

• The hinge leaf is flush with the surface

• The door closes cleanly without interference

A non-recessed (surface-mounted) hinge is mounted directly on the surface with no cut-out.

When Hinges SHOULD Be Recessed

1. Standard Interior and Exterior Doors (Most Common)

Recessed hinges are typically used because they:

• Allow the door to close flush

• Provide proper alignment and clearance

• Look cleaner and more finished

This is standard practice for:

• Residential interior doors

• Exterior entry doors

• Commercial swing doors

2. Fire-Rated Doors

Most fire doors require:

• Mortised hinges

• Tested as part of the certified door assembly

Non-recessed hinges may invalidate fire ratings unless specifically approved.

3. Heavy or Load-Bearing Doors

Recessing helps:

• Distribute load evenly

• Prevent hinge distortion

• Improve long-term alignment

When Hinges Do NOT Need to Be Recessed

1. Surface-Mount Hinges (Designed Not to Be Recessed)

Some hinges are made to sit on the surface, such as:

• Strap hinges

• T hinges

• Decorative surface hinges

• Some cabinet hinges

Recessing these would be incorrect.

2. Non-Mortise (No-Mortise) Hinges

These are specifically designed to:

• Install without cutting

• Fold into themselves when closed

Common uses:

• DIY projects

• Lightweight interior doors

• Retrofit situations

They save time but may have lower load capacity.

3. Cabinet and Furniture Hinges

Most cabinet hinges:

• Are concealed

• Do not require traditional recessing

• Use drilled cups or surface mounting instead

Pros and Cons

Recessed Hinges

Pros

• Flush, professional appearance

• Better door alignment

• Higher load capacity

• Standard for most doors

Cons

• Requires cutting mortises

• More labor and precision

Non-Recessed Hinges

Pros

• Faster installation

• No cutting required

• Useful for retrofits

Cons

• Limited load capacity

• May affect door fit or appearance

• Not suitable for all doors

Quick Decision Guide

Summary

✔ Hinges do not have to be recessed
✔ Recessing is standard for most swing doors
✔ Some hinges are designed not to be recessed
✔ Door function, load, and code requirements matter more than habit